The Effect of Malnutrition on Mortality in Hospitalized Children by Aida H. Al-Sadeeq* in Research in Pediatrics & Neonatology_ The Journal of Pediatrics
Introduction
Malnutrition responsible for 45% of deaths among
children younger than 5 years in lowand middle-income countries [1,2]. Many
studies have reported the individual associations of stunting, wasting, and
underweight with mortality [3], However, estimates of the effects of individual
anthropometric indicators
overlook the fact that multiple deficits may occur simultaneously, especially
because all deficits are associated with poverty, poor dietary intake, and
infectious diseases [4,5]. This study conducted describe the frequency of
undernutrition and to evaluate which types of combined anthropometric deficits
carry an increased risk of mortality.
Patients and Methods
A retrospective
observational study, conducted in the therapeutic feeding center (TFC) of
Al-Sadaka General Teaching Hospital (GTH), Aden, Yemen, included severely
malnourished children (SAM) aged 2-59 months, who were admitted from September
2015 to February 2016. Children with generalized edema were excluded. All
enrolled children were grossly devoid of any deformities and had no chronic ill
conditions.
Data Collection & Management
The following data obtained from patient’s files
on the first day of admission: age, weight (kg), length/height (cm). In
addition, death outcome, co-morbidities among death cases, and the duration of
hospitalization till the time of death were recorded. Patients were categorized into
two age groups (2-23m, and 24-59m). The 2006 WHO Multicenter Growth Reference
Study [6] was used to assess every child’s z-scores of length/heights–for-age,
weight-forlength/ height, and weight-for-age.
Data Analysis
Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows
(Version 20.0). A chi-square analysis was performed to determine the
significant of age difference. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be
statistically significant.
Results
A total 299 SAM were admitted during the study
period, included 266 (89.0%) SAM less than 2 years and 33 (11.0%) SAM more than
2 years. Among the two-age group, more than third of SAM were also underweight.
Stunting seen more among older than 2-year SAM (51.5%) compared to younger than
2-year SAM, however, the difference was statistically insignificant, (Table 1
& 2). Presents some of the background characteristics children who died
during management of SAM. The majority SAM who died were 6-23m old, admitted
for diarrhea, and were having severe triple deficits (wasting, underweight,
stunting) and died in the first three days of admission
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