Postoperative Pain Management by Thamilselvam P* and Pandurangan T
Pain is an unpleasant and sometime
unbearable experience which can produce changes in all the systems of the body.
Postoperative pain is both distressing and detrimental for the
patient. The management of postoperative pain involves assessment of the pain
in terms of intensity at rest and activity associated pain, treatment
by pharmacological and non pharmacological means as well as monitoring induced
side-effects. The pain would cause the patient to remain in bed
and immobile, thus it would lead to DVT, pulmonary atelectasis, muscle wasting,
bedsores, urinary retention and some psychological disorders. There are
much analgesia which includes opioids and non-opioids. These can be delivered
through many routes, neuraxial use of local anaesthetics, nerve blocks,
and techniques such as patient controlled analgesia and pre-emptive analgesia
have greatly improved the efficacy of pain-control
while minimizing the side-effects of any one type. We focus the area of causes
of pain and its management
