Current Methodologies and Advances in Bio-ethanolProduction by Shrivastava S in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch
Scarcity of non-renewable energy sources has paved
need for sustainable and renewable biofuels from biomass. Of all natural
resources used for production of biofuel, lignocellulosic biomass (producing
second generation biofuel) are most attractive as they are highly abundant and
easily available throughout the year. Various measures for maximal and
efficient utilization of these lignocellulosic biomass for production of
biofuels (bio-ethanol, biodiesel and biogas) have been taken including
pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation process. In the present chapter
we have consolidated relevant applications for bioethanol production, which
includes a brief overview of the current status and biochemical route towards bioethanol
production. Various approaches like tailoring of hydrolytic enzymes to increase
the specific activity of particular enzymatic reaction and contributions by
prominent scientists for effective utilization of celluloses and hemicelluloses
for bioethanol production have been discussed. We have also highlighted the
comparison on utilization of simple sugars (hexoses and pentoses) by bacteria
and fungi and described the recent advanced techniques utilized for the
production of ethanol.
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