Unusual Intra-Operative Variable Plateau Capnogram Waveform in a Patient with Critical Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Stenosis: Case Report_ Crimson Publishers

 Unusual Intra-Operative Variable Plateau Capnogram Waveform in a Patient with Critical Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Stenosis: Case Report by Surendrasingh Chhabada* in Surgical Medicine Open Access Journal_ Surgical Medicine Open Access Journal

 

Abstract
Capnography is a simple non-invasive monitoring technique that provides prompt and valuable information about patient’s ventilation, perfusion and metabolism. We are presenting a case of a 10 year-old boy with a history of repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) undergoing a cardiac catheterization for recurrent left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenosis. A variable plateau capnogram waverform was detected and attributed to ventilation-perfusion abnormalities from differential lung perfusion secondary to critical LPA stenosis. Capnogram can prove vital monitoring tool in detecting critical perfusion abnormalities

Introduction
End tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) monitoring using capnography is a standard of care in anesthesia and essential for patient safety [1]. Intraoperative capnography provides information about CO2 production, pulmonary perfusion, alveolar ventilation and respiratory patterns. The different capnogram waveform shapes can reflect abnormalities that can be simple and common or can be a sign of imminent life-threatening complications [2,3]. Here we present a case of an unusual capnogram waveform that was detected during a diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization in a pediatric patient with history of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair with transannular patch and left pulmonary artery (LPA) patch.

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