The Role of Blood Microbiome and Microbial Product Translocation in Disease Pathogenesis_ Crimson Publishers

The Role of Blood Microbiome and Microbial Product Translocation in Disease Pathogenesis by Lei Huang* in Advancements in Case Studies_ Journal of Case Studies

 

Abstract
Circulation has been considered in a sterile condition in individuals without live microbial infections. However, recent publications from our group and others highlight detection of blood microbiome or microbial molecules in healthy individuals and individuals with various diseases, as well as their potential roles in disease pathogenesis. In this review, we introduce the published studies and research advancement in the field of blood microbial and microbial translocation in disease immunopathogenesis 

Introduction
Circulation has been considered in a sterile condition in individuals without live microbial infections. However, recent publications highlight detection of blood microbiome or microbial molecules in healthy individuals and individuals with various diseases without a live infection or sepsis. Due to the low blood levels of microbial biomass and background contaminations from experimental procedures, blood microbiome analysis has been met with technical challenges. Nonetheless, blood microbiome provides important information to study the interactions of microbiome and hosts, which is potentially critical for investigating their effects on host immune perturbations in various disease conditions. Blood and tissue microbiome have been studied in some fields. In a recent study, blood and tissue microbiome has been assessed and cancer-specific microbial sequences have been identified in different types of cancer in humans [1]. In another study with seven different type of cancer, evidence was found that cancer-specific bacteria were detected within both immune cells and cancer tissues

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