Transition Fuels and Environmental Problems by Offiong NO* in Annals of Chemical Science Research_ Journal of Advanced Chemical Sciences
Introduction
According
to Spiro [1] “energy use underlies virtually all environmental issues...and its
access is key to a better life for people and around the world.” The world
currently depends on fossil fuel resources for much of its energy needs. The
inevitable depletion of fossil fuel reserves and concomitant increase in
atmospheric greenhouse gases are forcing a transition from fossil fuel to
renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, wind and biomass [2,3].
Renewable energy sources are those which are not exhaustible, and which can
provide continuous supply [4]. Other examples of renewable energy sources include
wood, ocean thermal energy and tidal power. A brief description of these energy
sources is provided below:
a. Solar-solar energy originates from the electromagnetic radiation from the sun to earth.
b. Geothermal energy-underground heat in the form of steam, hot water, or hot rock used to produce steam have been used as an energy source.
c. Wind-this is the energy derived from moving air used by windmills.
d. Biomass energy-this refers to direct burning of word, wastepaper, manure, agricultural wastes or any form of biomass or converting them to a fuel source. Certain microorganisms when they digest biomass in the absence of air, produce wither alcohol or methane gas, which give energy on combustion.
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