Exploring Role of Adipose Organ and Dysmetabolic Effects of Adiposity: Over-Nutrition, Nutrient Overload, Insulin Resistance, T2DM and Other Fallouts by Vinod Nikhra* in Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences_ International Journal of Medical Sciences
Abstract
The complex adipose organ
It has highly plasticproperties to reprogram its
genes and transdifferentiate reversibly into cells with different structure and
functions. The adipose organ plays important role in health and disease states
including obesity and MetS and fulfils several crucial survival needs like
thermogenesis, storage of energy and fuel for metabolism, immune responses,
sexual development around puberty, reproductive function and lactation.
Further, as an endocrine organ, it secretes several peptides termed adipokines,
including adiponectin and leptin.
Adiposity and metabolic
mechanisms
The rising prevalence of obesity and MetS in
recent decades reflects increased calorie consumption though diets rich in fat
and refinedcarbohydrates,
leading to over-nutrition and nutrient overload which in due course leads to
nutritional toxicity, endangering the intracellular organelle and impairing
intracellular and intercellular metabolic processes. The adipose tissue
protects the vital organs through expansion of the WAT, through an upsurge in the adipocytecellsize and formation
of new white adipocytes, and adiposity can, thus, be regarded a way to deal
with nutritional excess.The IR linked to adiposity can also be regarded a
measure to control excess nutrients entry into cells, endangering vital
intracellular organs.
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