Energy Producing and Consumption in Georgia by Demur
Chomakhidze in Integrative Journal of Conference Proceedings
The
paper investigates the energy balance of Georgia. To that end, the production
and consumption of fuel and energy resources are analyzed for the 26-year
period of independence of Georgia. The analysis is done by categories of energy
resources and main sectors of industry. Data regarding the export and import of
energy resources and level and dynamics of covering country’s consumption by
local production is provided. The energy balance of Georgia suggests that in
Georgia there are some achievements as challenges. Positively can be assessed
the fact that during 2013-2017 years, aggregated energy balance of Georgia was
carried out, while it was not possible for the fast 20 years. Another
achievement can be seen, an increase of renewable energy resources in energy
production structure [1]. It is shown that, traditionally, the energy balance
of Georgia is in deep deficit. Moreover, energy intensity and electricity
intensity of Gross domestic product (GDP) in Georgia is higher than in other
countries. Not satisfying condition can be noted in consumption of energy
within sectors, as in structure of production. The article provides
improvements for reduction of balance deficit. The country imports almost all
amount of oil and natural gas. Electricity balance is relatively stable. In the
recent years, some amount of electivity is exported to the neighboring
countries. Generally, the country satisfies only 30-35% of own energy
consumption by local generation, and the rest amount of resources are imported
from abroad [2]. The reason for deficit to some extent is irrational and
wasteful consumption of energy resources. The article examines the
organizational difficulties in drawing up energy balance of Georgia and
statistical problems of recording of energy production and consumption at the
initial stage of market economy [3].
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